Diazotisation and coupling are two sequential reactions commonly used in organic chemistry to prepare a variety of aromatic compounds, such as azo dyes and pigments. Let’s explore each step: SCROLL DOWN TO THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE FOR ACTUAL NOTES.…
The basicity of amines refers to their ability to accept a proton (H+) and form a positively charged species. Amines have lone pairs of electrons on the nitrogen atom, which can act as Lewis bases and readily interact with proton…
SANDMEYERS REACTION is a chemical reaction that allows for the conversion of an aromatic amino group (primary or secondary) into various functional groups using diazonium salts. It is named after the Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer, who first described this reaction.…
The Hofmann rearrangement is a chemical reaction that involves the conversion of primary amides (RCO-NH2) into primary amines (RNH2) with one fewer carbon atom. It is named after the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann, who first described this rearrangement.…
The Michael addition is a versatile organic reaction that involves the nucleophilic addition of a nucleophile to a conjugated acceptor system, typically an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The reaction is named after Arthur Michael, the American chemist who first described this…
WITTIG REACTION: Wittig reaction is a powerful synthetic method used to convert a carbonyl compound, typically an aldehyde or ketone, into an alkene using a phosphorus ylide as the key reagent. The reaction is named after the German chemist Georg…
The Reformatsky reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the nucleophilic addition of an organozinc compound to a carbonyl compound, typically an aldehyde or ketone. It is named after Sergei Nikolaevich Reformatsky, the Russian chemist who first described the reaction…
The Knoevenagel reaction is a versatile organic reaction that involves the condensation of an aldehyde or a ketone with an active methylene compound, typically a compound containing a methylene group adjacent to a carbonyl group (such as malonate esters or…
The Perkin condensation is a classic organic reaction that involves the condensation of an aromatic aldehyde with an acid anhydride in the presence of a base to form an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid. It is named after its discoverer, William Henry…
