Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common form of dementia, accounting for a significant proportion of dementia cases. In this article, we will explore the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s…

Stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, resulting in brain cell damage and potentially leading to long-term disability or even death. Understanding the etiopathogenesis, or underlying causes and mechanisms, of stroke…

Parkinsonism is a complex neurological disorder that affects movement and is characterized by symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). It is primarily caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the brain, particularly in a region…

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. It affects millions of people worldwide and can significantly impact their quality of life. Understanding the etiopathogenesis, or the underlying mechanisms, of epilepsy…

Drug induced blood disorders refer to hematological abnormalities caused by the use of certain medications. These disorders can range from mild blood cell count fluctuations to more severe conditions that affect the production, function, or lifespan of blood cells. Understanding…

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition characterized by the formation of blood clots, usually in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or the lungs (pulmonary embolism). It is a potentially serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis…

Anemias are a group of disorders characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin within the red blood cells. These conditions can result from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies,…

Drug induced liver disorders refer to liver damage or dysfunction caused by the use of certain medications or drugs. These disorders can range from mild liver enzyme abnormalities to severe hepatitis or even liver failure. Understanding the etiopathogenesis, or the…

Viral hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections. There are several types of viral hepatitis, including hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E. These infections can lead to various degrees of liver…